Ch notes Free Essays

Indians and Africans) b) Factors that blocked solidarity among the Europeans in America 1. Puritans cut tight, devout, and generally law based networks of little family cultivates A homogeneous world contrasted with most southern provinces 2. Anglicans fabricated estates along the coast Where they reigned over a work power of dark slaves Looked downward on the poor white ranchers who settled the boondocks 3. We will compose a custom paper test on Ch notes or on the other hand any comparative theme just for you Request Now Decent variety reigned in center states Well-to-do vendors put their stamp on New York City In the field rambling bequests were sprinkled with unassuming residences 4. Inside Individual provinces, clashes rotted over monetary Interests, ethnic contentions, ND strict practices 5. All the conflicts made it hard for homesteaders to envision that they were a solitary people with a typical thickness c) General issues that drove pioneers to defy Brittany 1. The steady game plan between the homesteaders and Brittany started to disintegrate, a casualty of the Imperial competition among France and Brittany 2. When the French were driven from the North American mainland, the settlers not, at this point required the British for insurance 3. The British government settled on the decision of forcing charges on provinces that had been acclimated with noting for the most part to their success pioneer gatherings 4. Issues of tax collection, self-rule, and exchange limitations carried the emergency of Imperial power to a head II. The Shaping of North America: Major geological highlights and the significance of the Great Ice Age a) The Rockies, the Sierra Nevada, and Coast Ranges †â€Å"American Mountains† b) The landmass was tied down In its Northeastern corner by the huge Canadian Shield c) The â€Å"tidewater† district wrinkled by numerous stream valleys. Loped tenderly upward to the old edges of the Appalachians d) â€Å"Roof of America† †the land tumbled off Jaggedly onto the intermediation Great Basin e) The valleys of Sacramento and San Joaquin Rivers and the Willamette-Peugeot Sound trough seamed the Interiors of present-day California, Oregon, and Washington f) When the icy masses at lon g last withdrew, they left the North American scene changed g) The heaviness of the ice mantle had discouraged the degree of the Canadian Shield h) The softening ice had scoured away the shield’s topsoil, pitting its rough surface with a large number of shallow dejections into which the dissolving icy masses streamed to frame lakes l) Deprived of both Inflow and extending, the monster lake turned into a progressively contracting Inland ocean. It became Increasingly saline, gradually dissipated, and left a bone-dry, mineral-rich desert Ill. Peopling the FIFO a) How the precursors of the American Indians Journeyed to America and why 1 . Some Early people groups may have arrived at the Americas in rough pontoons yet most likely traveled via land 2. As the ocean level dropped, it uncovered a land connect interfacing Eurasia with North America 3. Most likely after transitory crowds of game, wandered little groups of roaming Asian trackers b) Evidence that Indians of Central and South America were propelled 1 . Throughout the hundreds of years they split into innumerable clans, advanced in excess of 2,000 separate dialects, and created numerous differing religions, societies, and lifestyles 2. Their progressed agrarian practices, in view of on the development of maize 3. These people groups fabricated expound urban areas and carried on remote 4. Gifted mathematicians, they mentioned strikingly precise galactic objective facts 5. The Aztec looked for the kindness of the divine beings by offering human penances Cutting out the hearts of he chests of living casualties, who were frequently prisoners vanquished in fight IV. The Earliest Americans an) Agriculture, particularly corn developing, represented the size and modernity of the Native American human advancements in Mexico and South America b) The Nazis constructed an intricate pueblo of in excess of 600 interconnected rooms c) Maize, strains of beans, and squash made conceivable â€Å"three-sister† cultivating, with beans developing on the trellis of cornstalks and squash covering the planting hills to hold dampness in the dirt 1 . This created probably the most elevated populace densities on the mainland d) In the northeastern forests, the Iroquois Confederacy thudded the political and hierarchical aptitudes to continue a vigorous military coalition that menaced its neighbors e) The local people groups of North America were living in little, dissipated, and fleeting settlements f) Women kept an eye on the yields, while men chased, angled, accumulated fuel, and cleared fields for planting g) The Native Americans had neither the longing nor the way to control nature forcefully, they venerated the physical world and blessed nature with otherworldly properties V. Aberrant Discoverers of the New World a) Probably the main Europeans to â€Å"discover† America Blond-whiskery Norse sailors room Scandinavia, who had risked upon the northeastern shoulder of North America †in any case, no solid country state, longing to grow, bolstered these bold explorers. Their unstable settlements thusly were before long r elinquished, and their disclosure was overlooked b) Christian Crusaders †European warriors who by implication found America in view of Rupee’s wanting for intriguing products VI. Europeans Enter Africa †Setting the Stage for the â€Å"Discovery’ of America a) Marco Polo: an Italian globe-trotter; he should be viewed as a backhanded pioneer of he New World, for his book, with its portrayal of rose-colored pearls and brilliant pagodas, animated European wants for a less expensive course to the fortunes of the East b) The Portuguese built up the caravel, however they had found that they could come back to Europe by cruising northwesterly from the African coast toward the Azores, where the predominant westbound breezes would convey them home c) The members of the most punctual African slave exchange were Arab tissue vendors and Africans themselves. 1 . Slave handles intentionally isolated people from the equivalent rib’s and combined not at all like individuals to disappoint sorted out opposition d) Portuguese: they assembled their own deliberate traffic in captives to work the sugar 1. Bartholomew Aids adjusted the southernmost tip of the â⠂¬Å"Dark Continent† 2. Containers father Gamma at last arrived at India and got back with a little however enticing freight of Jewels and flavors VI’. Columbus Comes upon a New World an) In Spain, a cutting edge national state was come to fruition, with the solidarity, riches and influence to bear the impressive undertakings of revelation, victory, and colonization b) The renaissance in the fourteenth century sustained a goal-oriented soul of hopefulness ND experience †print machines encouraged the spread of logical information. The mariner’s compass killed a portion of the vulnerabilities odd ocean travel c) Columbus’ journeys to America 1. Where in America? †An island in the Bahamas 2. Columbus was a â€Å"successful failure† on the grounds that when looking for another water course to the legendary Indies, he in truth chanced upon a huge land hindrance hindering the sea pathway d) Columbus’ revelation shook four mainlands: Europe, Africa, and the Americas which rose and related worldwide financial framework 1 . Europe gave the business sectors, the capital, and the innovation 2. Africa outfi tted the work 3. The New World offered its crude materials VIII. At the point when Worlds Collide: â€Å"Columbian Exchange† an) Europeans discovered iguanas and poisonous snakes alongside tobacco, beans, maize, tomatoes, and potatoes †in the long run altered the worldwide economy just as the European eating routine b) The Europeans brought steers, pig, ponies, sugarcane, and the seeds of Kentucky Bluegrass, dandelions, and daisies †the Native Americans embraced the pony, changing their societies into exceptionally portable, wide-running tracker social orders c) The Europeans brought smallpox, yellow fever, and intestinal sickness to the New World, which would rapidly pulverize the Native Americans. The malady syphilis was brought to the Old World. This had infused the explicitly transmitted illness into Europe just because. ‘X. The Spanish Conquistadors a) Treaty of Tortillas †isolated the â€Å"heathen lands† of the New World among Portugal and Spain b) Important Spanish Explorers 1. Containers Nuke Balboa hail ed as the pioneer of the pacific sea 2. Ferdinand Magellan finished the principal circumnavigation of the globe 3. Juan Pence De Leon investigated Florida 4. Francisco Coronado went from Arizona to Kansas, while finding the Grand Canyon and monstrous crowds of Bison 5. Hernandez De Sotto found and crossed the Mississippi River 6. Francisco Pizzeria squashed the Incas of Peru and included a gigantic crowd of goods to Spanish coffers c) Because of the Spanish successes, the world economy was changed †it prompted more cash in Europe which prompted the spread of business and assembling d) Encomia framework †it permitted the administration to â€Å"commend† or offer, Indians to specific pilgrims consequently to attempt to Christianize them X. The Conquest of Mexico language of the ground-breaking Aztec leaders of the incredible domain in the good countries of focal Mexico b) Cortes’ motivation was that he just needed gold c) Mastectomy accepted that Cortes was the god Sequestrate d) Ethnocentric †it astonished the Spanish as a result of how huge and lovely it was: with 300,000 occupants spread more than ten square miles; it was encircled drifting nurseries odd phenomenal excellence e) Enoch Tries: (Sad Night) the Aztec assaulted, driving the Spanish down the thoroughfares from Ethnocentric in an unhinged, ridiculous retreat f) Impact of victory of Aztec: 1. †: Native populace of Mexico diminished quickly because of sickness 2. +: Crops and creatures were brought to the Americas too

Adolf Hitler Research Paper Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 2000 words

Adolf Hitler - Research Paper Example Adolf Hitler Adolf Hitler was destined to Alois Hitler and Klara Polzl on April 20, 1889 out of a little Austrian town of Braunau Am close to the German outskirt. Alois was an ill-conceived offspring of Maria Anna Schicklgruber. It is suspected that the dad was a Jewish kid of the house where Maria used to work in spite of the fact that there is no sure proof to help this. This is significant in light of the fact that Hitler would later in his life proceed to begin a crusade of disposing of Jews and their ancestries, anyway remote they be. When Alois wedded Adolf’s mother, he previously had two children from past relationships †a kid and a young lady. Adolf was the fourth of the six youngsters from this marriage, the past three having kicked the bucket before arriving at age 3 - so Hitler would get unique consideration from his mom because of her dread of losing him. Alois, a government worker, resigned following 40 years of administration in 1896, a similar year as Adolf began going to class at age six. Having been utilized to severe working life, Alois would frequently take out his disappointment of retirement on the most established kid in the family - Alois Jr., who was 13.He, notwithstanding, fled from home at age 14 which implied that Adolf, at age 7, would now be the subject of unforgiving words and beating from their dad. As of now, the family moved to Lambach, Austria and afterward to Leonding, close to Linz in 1898. Around this time, at some point while scrounging through his father’s library, Hitler went over a book on the Franco-German war of 1870-71. He found the book exceptionally intriguing and before long turned out to be increasingly more eager about anything identified with war. In his memoires, Mein Kampf, Hitler reviews â€Å"It was not some time before the extraordinary courageous battle had become my most prominent i nward experience. From that point on I turned out to be increasingly more excited about everything that was in any capacity associated with war or, so far as that is concerned, with soldiering.† When Adolf Hitler finished evaluation school, he needed to turn into a craftsman yet his dad constrained him to go to the specialized school with the desire that Adolf become a government worker one day simply like Alois had been. Hitler did ineffectively in the main year as he needed to show his dad that he was unsatisfactory for specialized school as he wrote in Mein Kampf (Chapter 2) I imagined that once my dad saw what little improvement I was making at the [technical school] he would let me dedicate myself to the bliss I longed for. But his dad wouldn't tune in and continued with Adolf remaining in the specialized school which made Adolf perform severely in the school and enjoy different tricks and noncompliance of his instructors. At that point in 1903, Adolf’s father kick ed the bucket of lung discharge making Adolf the head male of the house. This additionally implied his battles with his dad over the decision of profession would reach a conclusion and there would be not any more cruel words or contending with his dad. In 1904, Hitler left the secondary school at Linz and moved to another at Steyr, a town 25 miles from Linz. Here, Hitler lived in a little house with another kid and the young men would in some cases divert themselves by shooting rodents. During summer 1905, Hitler experienced an acquired lungs illness. In September 1905, in the wake of breezing through a test, Hitler and his companions praised it with drinks prompting him becoming inebriated and being woken up following day in the avenues. After this episode, Hitler swore never to drink again. Blaming his unforeseen weakness, Hitler at long last disposed of the school at age 16 and subsequent to going through a few

Outbox September 29, 2017

Inbox/Outbox September 29, 2017 Inbox (Books Acquired) This Will Be My Undoing by Morgan Jerkins Jerkins is a powerful voice on my Twitter feed, so I leapt at the chance to download a review copy of this collection of interlinked essays. I cant wait to read what happens when Jerkins uses that form (not to mention her critical eye and writerly talents) to examine life in contemporary America. Dont Call Us Dead by Danez Smith If youve ever spent any time in the #blacklivesmatter hashtag on Twitter, youve probably read one of Smiths poems (like alternative names for black boys) that grapple with police brutality and the state-sanctioned murder of black people in America.  Dont Call Us Dead, Smiths second collection, promises to be just as cutting and even more capacious. Bearly A Lady by Cassandra Khaw This one stars a plus-sized werebear with a vampire roommate and a multi-gender, multi-species stable of love interests. Buying it was a no-brainer. Outbox (Books Finished) Binary System by Eric Brown Last year, I read and enjoyed Adrian Tchaikovskys Children of Time,  and this one hits similar notes (if in a less epic and less weird fashion). Sentient, cruel locust creatures, bright blue monkeys, and giant spider crabs are locked in a millennia-long struggle when a human survivor lands on their planet and gets caught up in their struggles. Its pretty classic sci-fi, without some of the genres more obnoxious obsessions (e.g. a relentless focus on technology). Down Among the Sticks and Bones by Seanan McGuire I downed this one immediately after finishing Every Heart a Doorway, the first Wayward Children book, which recently won a Hugo. Theyre a little short for my taste (leaving not much time for rich, immersive world-building), but both books are clever delights. In the Queue (What Im Reading Next) The Red Threads of Fortune by JY Yang As I write this post, Im biding my time until September 26, when I can pounce on JY Yangs Tensorate Series. This pair of twin novellas (The Red Threads of Fortune  and  The Black Tides of Heaven), released simultaneously in a brilliant-if-anxiety-inducing move, sound so fascinating that Im reading them as soon as humanly possible. Now I just have to decide which to read first…

Teens as Victims of Cyberbullying - 1482 Words

â€Å"Around half of teens have been the victims of cyber bullies,† Richard Webster from the â€Å"Cyber bullying is when a person or a group is trying to embarrass and harm or intimidate those who are weaker than them†. â€Å"Cyber bullying to texting: What’s on your kids ‘Cell?† What is cyber bullying? The Stop bullying Organization explains what the meaning of cyber bullying is. Cyber bullies are able to use cells phones and the internet to make it very easy bully other people. Lawmakers and Schools should take more action towards people who are being bullies because it can lead to depression, suicide, and mental issue. Since bullying has increased; cyber bullying has become harder to control by parents teachers and peers. They feel embarrassed,†¦show more content†¦Schools should not be the only ones held responsible for cyber bullying. Lawmakers need to enforce laws about online harassment because people will most definably will stop an d think before they decide to bully anyone. In the provided graph show how the students felt what would for who to handle bullying situations. As seen in the graph the one that most students choose was the schools and lawmakers. This proves that most people believe that it takes more than one person to handle any bullying situation. Laws are needed against people who decide to make fun of anyone by using the internet or using the cell phones. Cyber bullying should not be tolerated when lives and feelings can be saved. By enforcing this law the bullies would be more afraid to bully anybody knowing there are consequences for their actions. The following consequences should include community service, the right to take away any electronics, and worst case jail time. The lawmakers need to shut down all of the social networks because it’s not needed, and that how people are people are easily getting bullied. Honestly social media is a big cause and it’s not needed it’s a waste of time and is hurting a large numb er of people. Just by changing that it could make a big difference change in society today. Nobody should not have the right to harass anyone and to hurt them in any way emotionally orShow MoreRelatedSuicide Among Teen Victims Of Cyberbullying Essay890 Words   |  4 PagesSuicide among Teen Victims of Cyberbullying Suicide among teens who were victims of cyberbullying has been an ongoing issue for quite some time. Legally, cyberbullying is very problematic not only for the victims and their families, but also the justice system. What is considered cyberbullying is and because cyberbullying is committed by school age children there is an ethical issue in what is considered as an appropriate legal punishment and which branch of the government should be the one to pursueRead MoreTeen Suicide : A Victim Of Severe Cyberbullying3502 Words   |  15 Pagesthe victim of severe cyberbullying. The boy she was talking to began to say hurtful things to her, which quickly spiraled into a situation where many of her â€Å"friends† on social media began posting derogatory comments about her. Despite her parents’ pleas to get off the Internet, Megan continued to read the comments. That night, Megan’s mom found her hanged in her closet (Megan Meir Foundation, n.d.). This story is one of the many that has caught the media’s attention over recent years. Teen suicideRead MoreCyberbullying, Prevention, And Results Of Cyberbullying1494 Words   |  6 Pagesas â€Å"a person who is habitually cruel or overbearing.† When these two words are combined, cyberbullying is best described as someone who uses the computer and access it provides to bully someone. However, there is much more to cyberbullying than they may possibly believe they know: background information about cyberbullying, the types of cyberbullying, prevention, and results of cyberbullying. Cyberbullying; the use of internet, cell phones, other electronic communication devices to spread harmfulRead MoreArgumentative Essay On Cyber Bullying1705 Words   |  7 Pagesidea of cyberbullying is truly frightening, and the arrival of modern technology and the rise of social network make it even worst. With the invention of the Internet and its mass commercial use, some people might not have foreseen the issue of â€Å"cyberbullying† and how harmful it can really be. Cyberbullying is a real phenomenon that has been present for some time. Cyberbullying is defined as the use of the Internet and technology to purposely harm another person in a hostile way. Cyberbullying has becomeRead MoreEssay On Cyberbullying969 Words   |  4 Pages Cyberbullying is growing and becoming one of the leading causes of teen suicide. Cyberbullying occurs when a person posts or messages someone in a negative way online. It can include threats, harassment, and even smearing someone’s name by spreading lies. The web’s anonymity provides the perfect cover for bullies to harass classmates or even mere strangers. Cyberbullying is usually not a hit and run, bullies target one teen and insult or spread rumors about them, not realizing that if caught, theyRead MoreBullying : The Causes And Effects Of Cyberbullying1508 Words   |  7 PagesCyberbullying is usually between a few students that are in the same class or even in the same age group. A lot of people think they know what cyberbullying and bullying is but they are not the same. Cyberbullying can affect a kid as much as physical bullying. Cyberbullying has been proven to affect one out of every three children. There are seven or more different ways a person can be cyberbu llied. It can lead to person a harming themselves or others being harmed. Cyberbullying has been provenRead MoreCyberbullying Is A Serious Problem1697 Words   |  7 PagesCyberbullying Bullying has existed for generations. Bullying use to occur face- to –face; you knew who the bullies were and where they lived. Because of available technology, a bully can be totally anonymous on the internet. Technology advancements, internet and social networks have produced a new method of bullying called cyberbullyimg. Cyberbullying incidents have become widespread in the past few years. According to DoSomething.org,† almost sixty percent of young people say that they have beenRead MoreEssay on Cyberbullying is a Serious Problem1536 Words   |  7 Pagesnew method of bullying called cyberbullyimg. Cyberbullying incidents have become widespread in the past few years. According to DoSomething.org,† almost sixty percent of young people say that they have been cyberbullied before. Sixty-eight percent of teens agree that cyber bullying is a serious problem. Eighty-one percent of young people think bullying online is easier to get away with than bullying in person† (11 Facts 2013). Cyberbullying is a serious problem with devastating consequencesRead MoreEssay about Cyberbullying, the Downside of Social Media964 Words   |  4 Pages â€Å"Every child on Facebook likely has a bullying story, whether as the victim, bully or as a witness.† – National Bullying Prevention Center As technology as progressed over the years so to has society with it. The use of technology has infiltrated and changed society in an endless number of ways and it only continues to grow. The interesting thing about the advances of technology and their impacts on society are the ways that they adapt to a common facet of human society and evolve it. OneRead MoreBullying And Its Effects On Society1709 Words   |  7 Pagesneeds to understand that bullying is not something that happens just on the playground anymore where the bully stole your lunch money. Bullying has evolved just like everything else in the world. It has taken over the social network that today’s teens have seemingly become obsessed with. Social media websites such as Twitter, Facebook and Instagram allow users to insult, bully and threaten other users without any fear of punishment. Along with the social network, bullying has taken over majority

Brief Analysis of The Works of Edgar Allan Poe - 1271 Words

Readers get an education when it comes to the role that the first-person narrator takes on some of Edgar Allan Poe’s short stories. In â€Å"The Tell-Tale Heart† (1843) the unnamed narrator is not trying to convince the reader that he is not guilty, just that he is not crazy. He was justified in killing the old man with the â€Å"vulture-like eye† and hiding the body under the floorboards of his home. He may be trying to save his own skin, but that is not the point. The crime is not in question; it is the narrator’s sanity. How can one trust the storyteller, if you only get one part of the story? This is what makes the journey as a reader more interesting. How do you discern the truth? This is what it is like going through Poe’s work. Most of†¦show more content†¦It is not until the end of the story when a servant shrieks in terror as he sees Egaeus and points at his master’s clothing â€Å"muddy and clotted with gore† and â€Å"indented with human nails.† There were some objects by the wall—a spade and a box inside â€Å"some instruments of dental surgery, intermingled with thirty-two small, white, and ivory-looking substances that were scattered to and fro about the floor.† Berenice was alive and Egaeus obsession made a bad thing even worse. He is in denial as to what he did that he identified Berenice’s teeth as â€Å"ivory-looking substances.† He turns something ugly into a beautiful thing as he describes what he sees. Egaeus does not want to believe that he did what he did. Just on that element alone, his story needs to be questioned. However in fiction things do not tend to be so straightforward and there are other elements that need to be taken into consideration. Things may not be as it seems. Among Poe’s short stories there are two that hint about the supernatural or the unexplained, but it is all left to the reader as to make his or her own interpretation of the story. Morella—A Tale of Obsession â€Å"Morella† involves a married couple who dabble in witchcraft and the Dark Arts. The husband is the storyteller. Morella, who is about to die while giving birth to their daughter, tells her unloved husband that she is never going to leave him. He may show love to his child, but she it may be shortlived. The daughter,Show MoreRelatedThe Tortured Poet : Edgar Allan Poe1312 Words   |  6 PagesThe Tortured Poet: Edgar Allan Poe â€Å"Beauty is the sole legitimate province of the poem† Poe, Edgar Allan. The Philosophy of Composition. 1846. The name Poe often brings to mind tales of horror and mystery, but this Poe was also a writer of sophisticated poems, capable of extreme poetic beauty within a dark genre of writing. Poe never lived the happiest of lives, but his writing is extraordinary, both for its execution, and for the sheer elegance of the words which he found to write upon the pageRead MoreEdgar Allan Poe s Writing Style1303 Words   |  6 Pagesprovince of the poem† Poe, Edgar Allan. The Philosophy of Composition. 1846. The name Poe often brings to mind tales of horror and mystery, but this Poe was also a writer of sophisticated poems, capable of extreme poetic beauty within a dark genre of writing. Poe never lived the happiest of lives, but his writing is extraordinary, both for its execution, and for the sheer elegance of the words which he found to write upon the page. Death is amo ng one of the recurring themes which Poe explored. Dark andRead MoreAnalysis Of Edgar Allan Poe s Life1954 Words   |  8 PagesThroughout the many works that Edgar Allan Poe has written in his lifetime, whether the work is a poem, novel, analysis, or critique, Poe has incorporated many reoccurring themes that define him as a writer. A theme that has brought much criticism upon Poe is his Classicist aspect of writing. Poe was very clear and detailed when he wrote in prose. This way of writing proved him to be somewhat of a rebel and veered off the beaten path when it comes to form. In Poe’s time the Gothic style was notRead MoreAnalysing the Black Cat Using Labovs Narrative Structure5713 Words   |  23 Pagesthe elements of Labov’s Narrative Structure 2. discuss the way Edgar Allen Poe structured his short story to form the elements of tragedy, mystery and terror as presented in the short story In completing the task, I will use Labov’s Narrative Theory to conduct narrative analysis of the short story, The Black Cat written by Edgar Allan Poe. The structure of this essay begins with the introduction to narrative and narrative analysis. The second part develops in the literature review where I willRead MoreEdgar Allan Poe : A Literary Catalyst2302 Words   |  10 PagesEdgar Allan Poe: A Literary Catalyst Edgar Allan Poe created a new age of poem and prose though his articulate calculation of production and fantastic usage of poetic effect. His way of creating a work was to mathematically draw the poem from the atmosphere or effect backwards, running this idea throughout the piece. Many people consider Edgar Allan Poe as one of America’s greatest authors, but still question that without Poe, the unveiling of the human propensity represented in poetryRead More An Analysis of Edgar Allan Poes Psychological Thriller Essay3707 Words   |  15 PagesAn Analysis of Edgar Allan Poes Psychological Thriller Outline I. Prelude II. Brief introduction to Adgar Allan Poe 1. 1. Allan Poes Life 2. 2. Allan Poes Works and Literary Achievement III. Adgar Allan Poe -- A Post-Gothic Writer 1. 1. Gothic Introduction 2. 2. Analysis of Two Horror 1) 1) The Fall of the House of Usher a) a) Setting b) b) Characters c) c) Point of View 2) 2) The Masque of the Red Death a) a) Setting b) b) Characters Read MoreEdgar Allan Poe s The Tell Tale Heart Essay1597 Words   |  7 PagesPoe’s Method to Madness [Hook] With his short stories and poems, Edgar Allan Poe has captivated the imagination and interest of readers all around the world. His creative talents led to the beginning of different literary genres, earning him the nickname Father of the Detective Story among other distinctions (Poe s Literary Contributions). It may be concluded he wrote such dark stories and poems because of the adverse situations he faced in life. Much of his life was surrounded by sadness, deathRead MoreRomanticism in American Literature2283 Words   |  10 PagesGetting to Know Thoreau Poe Within this paper will be an explanation of the ideals of Romantic writers in Early American Literature. We will also look at some aspects of Romanticism that were uniquely understood by the writers and artists in the United States. There will be a brief discussion of â€Å"bright† and â€Å"dark† Romantic writing and it is there that we will look at the lives, and one poem each, of Henry David Thoreau, a â€Å"bright† romantic writer and Edgar Allan Poe, a â€Å"dark† romantic writerRead MoreThe Raven And Ulalume By Edgar Allan Poe3442 Words   |  14 Pagesand Repetition Discussed in Edgar Allan Poe’s The Raven and Ulalume Were I called on to define the term ‘Art,’ Poe once wrote, I should call it ‘the reproduction of what the Senses perceive in Nature through the veil of the Soul.’ The intense grief that is felt after losing a loved one can often result in despair and irrationality, but in some of Poe’s poetry it has resulted in the severe mental collapse of the narrator. In The Raven and Ulalume by Edgar Allan Poe, the adverse effects followingRead MorePoetry In Poes The Raven By Edgar Allan Poe937 Words   |  4 PagesEvery time we hear the word poetry we immediately think of romance and beauty. However, having read the poem â€Å"The Raven† by Edgar Allan Poe, we have concluded that even dark and gloomy poetry has its own meaning. While going through its stanzas, the magnificent style and rhythm of Poe’s writing made me feel like I also was in the room with the narrator. The poem itself is an incredible experience, filled with deep meanings and symbol s that if you’re not aware of them you can totally misunderstand

Case Study Air Transport Management And Operations

Air Transport Management and Operations Module AT502 TASK 3 Ben Matthews 30/10/14 CONTENTS Task 3: Perform a strategic analysis of your chosen airline. The analysis should take appropriate consideration of factors both internal and external to the organization. 1. Introduction 2. Main findings 2.1 Appraisal of airline’s operating environment 2.2 Appraisal of Airlines internal capabilities 2.3 Key Issues identification and analysis 3. Conclusions 4. References List 1. Task 3 Industry Overview The LCC industry first began in the United States with Pacific Southwest Airlines, evolving the model in the late 1940’s. The EU business did not develop until after deregulation came into force during the 1990’s, thus making air travel cheaper and more accessable for a larger proportion of customers. Moving forward on the ever evolving requirement for cost effective travel mainly by families and recreational individuals (average annual increase of 9.4% for leisure passengers between the mid 90’s and 00’s), aviation has experienced rapid incline since then. Most significantly, UK company EasyJet, established in 1995 and Irish carrier Ryanair, born in 1990. Both were able to shape the European market. 2. Main findings 2.1 Appraisal of the airline’s operating environment Political Factors The evolution of the LCC industry in the EU was only possible because of one major change in 1997 – the deregulation of the European flight market. Before, the market for flightsShow MoreRelatedThe Organizational Change And Development Of A Travel And Tourism Organization933 Words   |  4 PagesManagement for Travel and Tourism Name: BALKISU TEJAN, ID: 37007 ANALYSIS OF THE ORGANISATIONAL CHANGE AND DEVELOPMENT OF A TRAVEL AND TOURISM ORGANIZATION: CASE STUDY OF BRITISH AIRWAYS It is essential that an organization undergoes growth and development, Organizational change and innovation. Many investigators have formulated theories related to change management once they begin to understand the importance of organizational change and innovation. This theoriesRead MoreThe Problem With Ageing Aircraft1411 Words   |  6 PagesIntroduction In the present day, air transport is suggested to be safest means of transport we have at our disposal[1]. Studies state that over 50% of the fatality rate has been reduced over the past 15 years. Yet, the few major accidents that occur claim a large magnitude of life in such short space and time that it grabs the world’s attention[2]. It is a widely accepted notion that aged aircraft are a risk, but to consider them to be an unacceptable risk is a multifaceted question, since the majorityRead MoreLegal Landscape Of Air Charter Transportation1232 Words   |  5 PagesLANDSCAPE OF AIR CHARTER TRANSPORTATION The air transportation services in India are controlled by Directorate General of Civil Aviation (hereinafter â€Å"DGCA†), operating under the Ministry of Civil Aviation (MCA). According to Rule 134 of the Aircraft Rules, 1937, the DGCA is empowered to grant permission to individuals to operate an air transport service to, within and from India. The rules promulgated by DGCA for issuance of permits for air transport services are ensconced within Non-Scheduled Air TransportRead MoreTransportation Problem and Solution in Case of Bangladesh1652 Words   |  7 Pagesin Case of Bangladesh An adequate and efficient transport system is a pre-requisite for both initiating and sustaining economic development. Investment in improving transport efficiency is the key to expansion and integration of markets - sub-national, national and international. It also helps the generation of economies of scale, increased competition, reduced cost, systematic urbanization, export-led faster growth and a larger share of international trade. The transport systemRead MoreDelta Air Lines Airport Airspace Capacity Case Study1370 Words   |  6 PagesIntroduction Air Canada has four hubs and all are located within the country. They are Toronto Pearson International Airport, Montrà ©al–Pierre Elliott Trudeau International Airport, Calgary International Airport, and Vancouver International Airport. Due to the large geographic area of the country, air transportation is the primary mode of travel for the Canadian population. Canada’s population growth rate was the highest amongst the G8 countries between 2006 and 2011 at 5.3%. Along with that, theRead MoreA Report On Southwest Airlines Essay1224 Words   |  5 Pagesunderserved city markets and secondary airports in the central urban areas. Nonetheless, the very success of this operation is putting stress on the airports it operated as well as the ATC systems. The continuation on growing profits depends critically on freeing up the infrastructure to respond to increased future demand. However, during the last year, the increase in air carrier operations at the airport caused opposition to growth Dallas Love Field from neighbor’s communities. 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Termination - Litigation and International Law

Question: Describe about the Termination, Litigation and International Law. Answer: 1. In Paul Blakeslee v Shaw Environment and Infrastructure, an employee named Paul Blakeslee was terminated for reporting an illegal conduct of a senior supervisor. Paul Blakeslee learned that a project manager owned one third of a company which was leasing equipments to Shaw Environment and Infrastructure of an amount costing $2 million. In the said case, a good investigation team in the said company could help to avoid the said wrongful termination litigation as the wrongful conduct of the senior supervisor would be investigated way in advance or the employee who was fired could ask the investigation team to take an action against the senior supervisor. Additionally, a strict internal policy regarding illegal conduct would prevent the senior supervisor from engaging in illegitimate activities. Moreover, employee training programmes in a company can be adopted to ensure employees are told about the consequences of misconduct. Also, written acknowledgment to not engage in misconduct should be signed by all employees (Autor, Donohue Schwab, 2016). The appropriate manner to terminate an employee without a potential risk of litigation is after considering companies policies, employment contract, state and federal laws that protect employees and wrongful employment, reviewing the personal achievement file of the employee and then stating appropriate and just reasons for terminating the employee like poor performance or illegal or wrongful misconduct. It is important for the employer to provide good cause or justifiable reason to terminate an employee which can help in avoiding potential litigation for wrongful termination (Acharya, Baghai Subramanian, 2014). Reference List Acharya, V. V., Baghai, R. P., Subramanian, K. V. (2014). Wrongful discharge laws and innovation.Review of Financial Studies,27(1), 301-346. Autor, D. H., Donohue III, J. J., Schwab, S. J. (2016). The costs of wrongful-discharge laws.The Review of Economics and Statistics,88(2), 211-231.

The Girl Who Loved Tom Gordon Essays - The Girl Who Loved Tom Gordon

The Girl Who Loved Tom Gordon The story starts out with 9-year-old Trisha McFarland going on a hike with her brother and her recently divorced mom. Her mom, who is determined to give the kids a good time on the weekends together, dragged them to go on a six-mile hike on the Maine-New Hampshire branch of the Appalachian Trail. Her brother, Pete constantly fights with their mom since he's unhappy that they moved from Boston to small-town Maine. While hiking on the trail, Pete and their mom started bickering like usual, Trisha who had to go to the bathroom and was sick of hearing them argue, stepped off the trail for a little bit. She wanders a little too far off by herself, and tried to take a short cut back to the trail but soon realized that she was lost in the wilderness. While in the wilderness, she thinks about her loved ones: her Dad, who was the perfect father until his beer habit ruined him, her loving but stubborn Mom, and Trisha's best friend, Pepsi Robichaud and her saying "Don't go all GIRLY on me, McFarland!" It was tough for her since she had to improvise, and try to remember hiking and camping tips her mother used to give her to survive. After the first night in the wilderness, she started having hallucinations, both good and bad, and drifting in and out of the real world. The bad one was the monster that she imagined that watched her every day while she slept, and sometimes followed her, whom she named the God of the Lost. After walking a few days, she started to find cruelly slaughtered animals and claw marks on the trees. The good hallucination was Tom Gordon, the baseball player who she loved and adored. He always popped up when she needed help, or when she was afraid. Her Walkman was the one thing that kept her sane, voices in the wilderness calmed her. It made things seem normal. Her favorite thing to do was to listen to the baseball games and cheer for Tom Gordon, pretending she was there at the ballpark, actually watching him play. Nine days later, she somehow ended up walking until she was just about 4 miles from New Hampshire Route 96. There, she knew she had to face the God of the Lost who finally came out, and let her see it. The last thing she did, before a hunter came and found her, was through her Walkman at the God of the Lost baseball-style. The man then shot his rifle at the thing that he later questioned if it was a bear or something else. Turned out that Trisha's disappearance was all over the news. She was then brought to a hospital, where her worried parents and brother came to see her, each of whom blamed themselves for her disappearance.

Top ten writing tips for scientists

Top ten writing tips for scientists Top ten writing tips for scientists Ask most scientists, engineers and technologists why they got into the profession and theyre unlikely to say it was because they love writing. But love it or hate it, writing is an essential part of a scientific career. Report writing skills are crucial to communicating your research, ideas and recommendations. Losing the gems of months of research in confusing, convoluted prose helps neither you nor your readers. The way you write can be more important that what you write. An instantly readable report will usually have more impact than one that is difficult to decipher. Science doesnt exist in a vacuum. So if you cannot communicate effectively to colleagues and the general public, your work is likely to be perceived as less important. In fact, if you cant communicate what you do, you could argue that you might as well not do it in the first place. Here are the top tips and techniques that can transform your written work: 1. Ask the right questions Powerful writing starts from an ordered, clear structure. Begin ordering your ideas by asking yourself the questions: what? where? when? how? why? and who? When you know what you want to communicate, and why, you can then lay out your core idea first, and expand on it in the rest of the document. Always make sure you ask yourself the exact purpose of what you are writing. When you have a clear intent, you have a much better chance of crafting an effective document. 2. Avoid jargon where possible Abbreviations are a great shortcut when you and your reader speak a common language. But dont forget that there may be acronyms and abbreviations that people outside your organisation or area of expertise just wouldnt know. This doesnt mean that you have to avoid jargon at all costs. Just be aware of your readers knowledge and choose the words and phrases that you are certain they will understand. Most people overestimate how much their readers know and bombard them with too many technical words and phrases. 3. Focus on your reader Do your readers really know everything about thermodynamics or mass transfer? Or are they more concerned with how the science affects the companys bottom line? Ask yourself the following questions so that you can tailor your information to your reader. Who will read the document? How much experience do they have of the subject? How much do they know about it? What is their likely attitude towards it? How involved in the subject are they? How interested are they in the subject? 4. Dont show off In academia, the more knowledge, information and argument you display, the higher the marks. In the commercial world, only the most significant information is necessary. Summarising a wealth of related issues may at first appear to cement your expert status, but it doesnt help your reader. Managers often have several reports to read a day, so focus on becoming a solution provider. 5. Create a compelling opening paragraph Research has shown that when it comes to focus, people remember the beginning and end of something, plus a high point in the middle. This is as true for reports as it is for holidays or feature films. So make sure that your conclusions and recommendations are in the summary. If you bury your recommendations in the middle, theres no guarantee that your readers will get that far. 6. Be confident Say what you really mean and your readers will thank you for it. It can be a little disconcerting to write clearly and in plain English, especially if you come from an organisation that doesnt encourage having a definitive viewpoint. But it will help you to become recognised as a thought leader and means that your work reaches a much wider audience. 7. Learn how to KISS Keep it Short and Simple! Avoid long flowery phrases and make sure your sentences contain a maximum of 15 to 20 words. Presenting information in short, manageable chunks also helps you to keep the reader with you, so stick to the principle of one idea per sentence. To paraphrase Einstein: Make things as simple as they are but no simpler. 8. Get active Where possible, use the active voice rather than the passive one. Instead of writing, the reactions of various metals were tested, write we tested the reactions of various metals. Adding in the word we makes the document more personal. Dont be afraid to use the word you when writing reports for non-scientists. The idea is to engage the reader and active, personal language does just that. 9. Check for errors Always proofread carefully by printing out your document and combing through it word for word. You cannot rely on your spellchecker to know the difference between palate and pallet, especially if you have it on the automated setting. Print it out first. And if possible, put your work aside for a day and come back to it with fresh eyes. Its likely that any errors will jump out at you more easily. Also check for punctuation and make sure that your structure is as effective as it can be. 10. Use a style guide Grab a free copy of The Write Stuff to help you with the writing process. This 60-page guide contains the very essence of good writing. How Emphasis helped scientists to write more clearly One of Europes leading pharmaceutical companies asked Emphasis to improve its scientists report-writing skills. The problem? Many of their written reports were failing to communicate the results of their research and development work in a clear and concise way. The training programme changed how the scientists approach, plan and structure their reports. Before the training programme, most people saw writing as an irritating distraction from their research and their reports had to be heavily edited. Now, there are fewer amendments, the medical director explains. This has reinforced the lessons learned during the training, creating a positive cycle that has, in turn, promoted better writing throughout the company. To find out how to write technical documents as quickly and efficiently as possible, see our technical writing course. Robert Ashton is the Chief Executive of Emphasis.

Event Handling And Web Forms Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 750 words

Event Handling And Web Forms - Essay Example Since their inception in the early 1990's, Web forms have become the essential interface of the transactional Web. They are a central component of e-commerce applications and are used to collect business-critical information. It has also been said that Web forms are changing the paradigm of Business workflows. Do you agree with this? Discuss this in the relation of Business workflows and data collection at various points of these workflows. Any company that is engaged in e-commerce has to deal with information at three stages – ordering of a product, processing of that order and shipping the product to the customer. Different information needs to be available at these three points and also needs to be transferred from one point to another. Web forms are one of the most exciting innovations of modern times. They allow the business to interact directly with clients, prospective customers and even the employees of the organization. With the advent of web forms, business workflows of organizations have changed drastically. The first effect of web forms has been the creation of a platform-independent environment for e-commerce. Business workflows are basically concerned about collecting of information which might be unstructured and then moving this information in a structured format to the back end where it can be used for information processing. Until the advent of web forms, structured data was the purview of database applications and the unstructured information was collected through different tools.

International Adoption Research Paper Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1500 words - 1

International Adoption - Research Paper Example ts meet across lines of disparity involving not only in the biological factor, but also race, ethnicity, nationality, cultural heritage and socio economic class. Typically in international adoption, the adoptive parents usually belong to one of the richer countries of the world where they have a tendency to adopt children from a poor mother and belonging to less privileged ethnic and racial groups of poorer countries of the world. There are many countries that serve for the US couples who are planning to adopt (Bartholet, â€Å"International Adoption†). International adoption is a phenomenon of the last half century. The trend had begun after the First World War. The horrible outcome of the war led to predictable deaths and devastation. In most of the vanquished countries, the difficulty of parentless children had become evident to the world. Again Korean War also opened up an option for United States to adopt Korean child. Recently, dissolution of the U.S.S.R. and fall of the â€Å"Iron Curtain† have resulted in inclusion of the name of Russia, China and various new countries in that list. China’s one –child problem along with its overpopulation crisis resulted in the foreign adoption of thousands of baby girls (Bartholet, â€Å"International Adoption†). The two basic reasons namely the children in need of home and larger community issues make people in favor of the international adoption. Otherwise there is huge controversy regarding this subject. Again one who is in favor of international adoption defines it in context of the social science and child development expertise which refers that children placed in the international adoptive home grow up much better than those who brought upon the street or in institutional homes. In this regards, the opponents argued that children can be better served through remaining in the same community of their origin and become fortunate to enjoy ethnic and national heritage. Again the advocates of the international adoption

Emotional Response To Music And Happiness Psychology Essay

Emotional Response To Music And Happiness Psychology Essay The objective of this research is to examine the correlation between emotional response to music and happiness among the undergraduates of UTAR: Perak Campus. Besides that, the gender differences in emotional response to music and gender differences in happiness will be examined as well. The findings show that there are more than half of the participants scored more than 4 out of the maximum score of 7. It means that they mostly have an average level of happiness. There are only few participants fall in low happiness level which scored less than 3 and about more than quarter of participants fall in high happiness level which scored 5 or above. Emotional Response to Music and Happiness This research found that there is a significant correlation in emotional response to music and happiness among the universitys undergraduates. The level of emotional response to music among both male and female undergraduates is correlated to their respective happiness level. This is supported by Lamont (2011) where the study results show that young adults are likely to have strong positive experience from music listening, especially if it had had a prominent strong impact in their lives. This result show the correlation between emotional response to music and the pursuit for happiness as music may provide a possible connection to various aspects to find happiness or to reach a peaceful state of mind free from any side effects. (Lamont, 2011) Another research that can support the result of this finding states that music listening was claimed to be mostly relaxation, mood improvements, and as well as decreasing negative emotional well-being such as being under stress and anxiety. (Kal linen Ravaja, 2008) Other than that Saaikallio, Nieminen Brattico (2011) support the results of the researchs as it was found that it is not necessarily only happy music that can evoke feelings of happiness in the listener. It was also found that sad music can induce positive feelings such as happiness as well, which may be due the individuals need to preserve happiness despite the sad (musical) stimulus, or also because the need to not be overly emotionally affected or touched by the particular piece of music. (Saaikallio, Nieminen Brattico, 2011) With this notion, it can further support the correlation between emotional response to music and happiness, as the type of music does not become a barrier in the obtained positive feelings of happiness through listening to music. In a similar study Van Goethem Sloboda (2011) found that music plays an important role in the creation of happiness as well as relaxation. Other findings include: (1) music is effective in helping strategies of regulating emotions such as distraction. (2) music is quite a successful device for affective regulation alongside with other types of mechanisms of coping. (Van Goethem Sloboda, 2011) The research also indicates that happiness is the highest percentage affect being regulated with music which supports this researchs result on emotional response to music and happiness relationship. Listening to music can regulate ones emotions and with happiness being the easiest emotion to regulate through music listening, the stronger ones emotional response to music the happier they are. Despite the disagreement that happiness is induced from the music Konecni, Brown Wanic (2008) found that the overall measure of the participants after listening to music was leaning more towards the positive emotion of feeling happiness which is felt through the recollection of their life-events that seems to be rather attached to the emotions felt through music. The findings also suggested the big difference between originally experienced real life events emotions and the induction of happy-sad emotion by music proceeding to state that emotions induced in music solely triggers the listeners imagination (recollection) of that emotion once felt. (Konecni, Brown Wanic, 2008) Hence, the emotional response to music can be applied by listening to happy music to induce positive emotions such as happiness. Happiness and Gender This research showed that there are is a significant difference in happiness level in male and female. According to a research conducted by Yang (2008) showed that there are gender differences in happiness level where women tend to be happier than men before old age but their happiness level seems to declines when in old age; while men are tend to be happier in old age. This is supported by Easterlin (2010) that is showing the same result displaying evidences between genders and generations, men and women are equally happy and unhappy when look on the whole; but when looked closer at different life stages, women turns out to be happier than men in early life but less happy and the end. (Easterlin, 2010) Inglehart (2002) found that women who are below 45 of age tend to be happier than man. While the longitudinal research done by Stevenson Wolfers (2009) shown that there is a declination of happiness level in female across the years. According to Zaidi (2010), women have bigger orbital frontal cortices compared to men because there is highly significant difference in the ratio of orbital grey to amygdala volume. The ratio between the orbitofrontal cortex (part that in charge in regulating emotions), and the size of the amygdala, are mixed up in order to produce emotional reactions. The ratio appears larger in women than men. On average, women might be more proficient of handling their emotional responses. (Zaidi, 2010) Biological differences and gender roles are the most probably to lead distinction between male and female and presenting the differences of happiness among genders. In another research conducted by Crossley Langdridge (2005) showed gender differences among the perceived happiness: Men scored better in sexual activity, being liked, sports and owning a good social life; whereas women scored better in having a close family, loved by loved one, assisting others, good social life and being liked than men in assisting them to achieve happiness. (Crossley Langdridge, 2005) Hence the difference of happiness level between genders. Emotional Response to Music and Gender This research showed that there are is a significant difference in emotional response to music level between male and female. According Chentsova-Dutton Tsai (2007) women were more emotionally reactive than men as they exhibited larger changes in overall reactivity, where they report the more extreme emotions while reliving rage and feelings of affection for recollection of past events. The study suggests that at some level, gender differences on emotional response may persist even across ethnic groups. (Chentsova-Dutton Tsai, 2007) Hence the gender differences in emotional response to music. According to Nater, Abbruzzese, Krebs Ehlert (2006) research on participants reactions to different musical stimuli (relaxing classical music, and unpleasant metallica), women have the tendency to exhibit hypersensitivity to repulsive musical stimuli hence displaying the gender differences in emotional response to music. In a similar research, Istà ³k, Brattico, Jacobsen, Krohn, Mà ¼ller Tervaniemi (2009) found gender differences for some emotional when describing music terms such as touching, feelings evoked, ugly, and drab, additionally male participants have higher tendency to express with negative adjective compared to female participants. Multiple researches suggests otherwise, Rickard (2004) found that gender difference may not contribute to difference of emotional response to music in terms of physical arousal as the music with emotional power treatment induced significantly greater increase in skin conductance and number chills equally in both gender. Lundqvist, Carlsson, Hilmersson Justin (2009) show similar results with no gender differences in emotional response to music in terms of both physical and mental response, as both male and female have equal response level to music stimuli. Limitations and suggestion This research had faced difficulties in finding journals of gender differences on level of happiness, gender differences in emotional response to music no matter of Malaysia context or others because there are limited sources and research on this topic. The researcher had faced difficulties especially in locating journals or articles to compare on happiness level and emotional response to music. Therefore, this research is to make contribution to the studies gender differences on happiness level, and emotional response to music and happiness. In this research, it only involved a hundred participants (fifty male students of UTAR: Perak Campus, and fifty female students of UTAR: Perak Campus) which is not enough to generalize on the population. Further research need to increase the sample size and different backgrounds of participants so that the result obtained could be generalized to the whole population. Furthermore, the participants of this study are mostly Chinese. Due to the same ethnics and belief systems they have, may contribute to this result which is no gender differences in happiness level. Thus, further study has to be done by involving more ethnicities and culture values in order to find out a more thorough study. Moreover this research only focuses on the effects of gender differences on emotional response to music, and level of happiness which is not enough to study on the outcome of the research. Other demographic aspects should be included in future study on this research, such as age, ethnicity, race, field of study and so forth. A suggestion for more accurate reliability of this research is to conduct a cross-cultural study to determine the effects of cultural differences on the outcome of the research. Conclusion This study is proposed to find out the correlation between emotional response to music and level of happiness, the gender differences in emotional response to music, and gender differences in happiness. The results show that there is significant correlation in emotional response to music and happiness which means the level of emotional response to music and level of happiness interrelates with each other. There is also a significant gender difference in emotional response to music, where this study found that female have higher level of emotional response to music compared to male. Lastly, gender differences in happiness have a significant outcome as well, where female was found to have a higher level of happiness than compared to male. This research has made contribution to emotional response to music and happiness researches in Malaysia context. In order to improve the outcome of this study, more research as a bigger sample range should be conducted to increase the validity and generalization.

Psychology: Human Development :: Psychological Social Science Essays

  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  The field of psychology may have grown to be respected as a science. Objectivity and the scientific method are both part of the psychologist's mode of operation. However, even the greatest of psychologists can only theorize about what makes human beings act the way they do. Absolutes are not part of psychology . Everything is relative and open to speculation. Theorists give us their views or ideas about life.   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  In the field of psychology, there have been many different areas of interest. Human development is one of the most popular areas of interest for those who study psychology. Freud, Erikson and Piaget are all great theorists with different ideas concerning human development. Each theorist developed ideas and stages for human development. Their theories on human development had human beings passing through different stages. Each theory differed on what these stages were. These theories also differed with their respect towards paradigmatic assumptions, learning and development, and relationship towards educational practice.   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Freud is known as the father of psychology. Although some of his work has been dismissed, most of it still holds weight in the world of psychology. Freud believed that human development was fueled by inner forces. He believed the most powerful of all inner forces was our sexual being. Freud linked everything with sex. This includes any bodily pleasure whatsoever. Thus, when Freud discusses the sexual needs of children, they are not the same kind of sexual needs that an adult would experience. Children experienced sexual gratification in different ways. Sucking their thumbs or retaining their excrement could be seen as sexual gratification for small children. Freud also specified certain areas of our body as erogenous zones. Those areas included the mouth and genitals. This all fit in to Freud's obsession with sex. An obsession that could be linked to the era that Freud lived in. It was a very conservative period in history. Sexual feelings were often repressed.   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Freud's theory on human development could be labeled the psychosexual stages of development. Freud believed human beings passed through different stages in their life based on which part of their body gave them sexual gratification. Freud's psychosexual stages of development are five in total.   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  The Oral stage takes place from birth to about one year. During this stage, a child is orally oriented. The mouth is the child's erogenous zone. Everything a child touches is put in his mouth. Freud believes children do this because it gives them pleasure. When a child sucks his thumb, it does so because it gives it gives him gratification. According to Freud, the gratification is sexual.   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  The second stage in Freud's psychosexual development theory takes place

Music and Violence: Still a Concern in 2007

Media effects have been a hot topic in United States social history, especially with the newest in technology, which brings video and film to the personal computer and ipod.   However, one of the most long-standing debates does not concern new technology, but an older medium – music.   For nearly five decades, psychologists, scientists and parents have expressed concern that music lyrics could affect listeners and behavior, even violent behavior.   Despite some switch in focus to violent and sexual content in film and internet video, music lyrics still hold concern for their possible contribution to aggressive behavior in the United States and elsewhere. In response to this concern, many public and private investigations have sought to reach some sort of conclusion on the impact that music lyrics may have on aggressive behavior of young people.   The 1982 National Institute of Mental Health report noted that media violence, including violence in music, was a â€Å"serious threat to public health,† and by the 1990s, most research concluded that â€Å"media violence on aggressive and violent behavior was real, causal and significant† (Anderson, et al. This was followed by a Congressional Public Health Summit which consisted of six medical and public health organizations.  Ã‚   Their conclusion delivered as a joint statement of all was that â€Å"entertainment violence can lead to increases in aggressive attitudes, values, and behavior, particularly in children† (Anderson, et al., 2003). These research organizations define aggression as â€Å"any behavior that is intended to harm another person† and can include not only physical aggression, but also sexual aggression, verbal aggression, and indirect aggression.   Particular attention has be revisited on music lyrics with the rise in popularity during the 80s and 90s of the music video. Researcher found that music videos are laden with violence and â€Å"explicit aggressive content† with â€Å"antisocial overtones† (Anderson, et al. 2003).   In fact, a study by However, Waite, Hillbrand, and Foster (1992) found that aggressive behavior in a forensic inpatient ward decreased significantly after MTV (Music Television) was removed from the television offerings. Additionally another group of researchers found that males who listened and viewed violent music videos exhibited a significant increase in â€Å"adversarial sexual beliefs and negative affect† (Peterson and Pfost, 1989).   Additional this group also found that college students who listed to rock music with antisocial themes self-reported a wider range of acceptance for antisocial behaviors. Additional studies also followed test subjects for several years and report that violent music videos can have long term negative and maladaptive effects on young people (Anderson et al, 2003) One performer who has recently fallen under close scrutiny is Marshall Mathers, known to listening fans as Eminem.   Eminem’s character, Slim Shady, appeals to teenagers because her represents the extreme emotions which range from outrage to helplessness that are so common in the lives of adolescents (Doherty, 2000). Eminem is profane, rebellious, determined to be himself, to speak what he takes to be the truth about his emotions and what he sees around him. He's all the more determined to do so if it pisses off authority figures. And in a world largely dominated by modern liberal cant, the best way to outrage adults is to come across as anti-gay, anti-woman, and pro-violence. As Eminem says in â€Å"Criminal,† â€Å"Half the shit I say, I just make it up to make you mad.† Such an attitude speaks directly to adolescent anomie and rebellion (Doherty, 2000). Lyrics such as this draw teens into the world of Slim Shady, identifying with him and adopting his style of dress, attitudes and behaviors. Now, these lyrics are even more damaging, according to Myronda Reuben of WBLX in Mobile, Alabama.   She says that music now holds less hope and fewer positive possibilities in the lyrics:â€Å"Back in the day, when a rapper was talking about ‘the life,’ it was usually about getting out of away from the violence and the streets.   Now the music glorifies it, and there are so many contradictory messages out there† (Hall, 2000). Another example is the phenomenon known as Hip-Hop. Researchers note that these songs target what is known as â€Å"marginalized youth,† which is defined as those that experience the â€Å"most dramatic social pressures† (Violent Music Lyrics Increase Aggressive Thoughts and Feelings 2003)   in life, such as economic, family and behavior issues.   These individuals who listen to rap are more likely to become violent. Hip hop music seems to have the common theme of drug use, alcoholism, Aids, and murder. Thus, results of several experimental studies show that subjects who listened to violent songs were more likely to interpret ambiguous words and phrases as aggressive, and to having â€Å"increased feelings of hostility without provocation or threat†Ã‚   (Violent Music Lyrics Increase Aggressive Thoughts and Feelings 2003). These violent songs with their aggressive thoughts and feelings have daunting implications for real world violence, notes Anderson cited in the aforementioned article: Aggressive thoughts can influence perceptions of ongoing social interactions, coloring them with an aggressive tint. Such aggression-biased interpretations can, in turn, instigate a more aggressive response–verbal or physical–than would have been emitted in a nonbiased state, thus provoking an aggressive escalatory spiral of antisocial exchanges†¦(Violent Music Lyrics Increase Aggressive Thoughts and Feelings 2003). It is easy to see why these concerns are in place when one examines the lyrics from two hip hop songs that have been at the very top of the Billboard charts as cited by Senator Brownback (1998): â€Å"F– home we capture with more hits and slaughter more kids†¦ You know for real the nig– came f–in' sucked my d–†¦ I have nig–z falling like white b in a scary movie†¦Ã¢â‚¬  and â€Å"I'm known in the ghetto for slangin' narcotics†¦ I come up short I'ma bust yo'f–in' lip up Cuz money and murder is the code that I live by Come to ya set and do a muthaf–in' walk-by.† These lyrics from the songs â€Å"Get at Me Dog,† by DMX and â€Å"Come and Get Some† by Master P show the explicit references to killing, racial slurs, sexuality and drugs. Ironically, these chaotic songs are highly organized and effective at targeting youth and maximizing profit, which tends to squelch legislative attempts at censorship.   Scholars have identified some particularly disturbing rap styles:   hustler rap, booty rap, pimp rap, gangsa rap, and don rap – all of which are considered as hardcore rap.   Hustler rap features a bad guy figure who dominates others through force, intimidation and/or seduction. Booty rap applauds sexual shock and nonconformity with titles from the group 2 Life Crew like â€Å"Dick Almighty,† â€Å"Me So Horny,† and â€Å"The Fuck Shop.†Ã‚   Pimp rap focus on money and sex; an example is P Diddy’s song â€Å"It’s All about the Benjamins.†Ã‚   Finally, gangsta rap emphasizes the acceptance of antisocial, often violent, behavior.   For example, NWA’s   (Niggaz Wit Attitude) album Straight Outta Compton offers a written thank you to: â€Å"All the gangsters, dope dealers, criminals, thieves, vandals, villains, thugs, hoodlums, killers, hustlers, baseheads, hypes, winos, bums, arsonists, police, maniacs and bad ass kids for listening to our shit†¦Ã¢â‚¬  (Lena, 2006). Finally, don rappers (like Master P and Junior M.A.F.I.A.) combine gangsta rap’s emphasis on violence with the pimp rap emphasis on money and sexual dominance (Lena, 2006). These songs do translate into aggressive action.   For example, in the case of Mitch Johnson, the boy who was charged with killing four fellow students and a teacher in Jonesboro, Arkansas, frequently listened to violent rock and rap.   Mrs. Pelley is a junior-high-school teacher there who notes that after the shootings, several students revealed that Mitch had a morbid fascination with this type of music.   Mrs. Pelley discovered in a discussion with her students that while nearly ball of them could recite the violent and aggressive lyrics of songsw by Bone, Thugs-N-Harmony, and Tupac Shakur, nearly none of their parents had any idea about these songs and performers (Brownback, 1998). The tragedy of Columbine is also linked to the music of the controversial Marilyn Manson, primarily because shooter Eric Harris’s website contained frequent laudatory references to the odd performer, and both shooters wore Manson t-shirts and recited his lyrics frequently.   However, many psychologists note that this type of violence hails from an inability to communicate hatred and rage, a characteristic that these lyrics definitely do NOT have (Sanjek, 1999). Violent results from these songs are not limited to school kids.   In fact, one of the newest controversies concerning music lyrics hails from the dancehalls of reggae.   Dancehall reggae lyrics have a long history of aggressive content.   One popular artist is Buju Banton, whose 1992 chart topper called ‘Boom Bye Bye† explicitly urged listeners â€Å"to burn, shoot and pour acid on gay people†Ã‚   (Werde, 2004), and Artist Beenie Man's hit â€Å"Weh Yuh No Fi Do† similarly argues that   gay men should die. Luckily, gay rights activists have been able to convince some of these dancehall sponsors such as Red Stripe Beer and Pepsi, to exert pressure on these performers to tone down their acts.   A group of sponsors did issue a statement to this effect, saying â€Å"that the continued use of violent lyrics could ultimately lead to the decline of our music industry, as well as a social and economic backlash† (Werde, 2004). It’s disappointing to realise that in the 21st century there are still people who want to belittle or frighten other people for their own amusement. Aren't we better than this? Aren't our musicians better than this† (Debbonaire, 2006).   While violence is rarely linked to only one source, certainly the draw of aggressive music lyrics must share in the responsibility for aggressive behavior in youth. Possibly because of the enormous profit to be made by this music and possibly because of the first amendment, which protects speech, these lyrics are allowed onto CDs and on videos.   Despite warnings and labeling movements, any youngster who wants to obtain a CD is likely to be able to.   If not, the most vulgar of these artists perform and release their CDs underground, where they can be copied and spread among these teens. The best defense against song lyrics is parent involvement and participation.   Open discussion will do a lot towards deflecting some of the adverse effects of violence in music.   While song writers will do what makes money and kids will buy what music is hot, adults need to take a stand to ensure that this sad trend does not get any worse. References Anderson, Craig A. (2003). The influence of media violence on youth. Psychological Science in the Public Interest 4 (3), 81-100. Brownback, Senator Sam. (1998). The melodies of Mayhem. Policy Review, 92 Debbonaire, T. (2006).   Domestic Violence: Are Song Lyrics Really To Blame?   BBC Radio.   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚     Retrieved 2 June 2007 from http://www.bbc.co.uk/radio1/onelife/personal/relationships/ hh_songlyrics.shtml Doherty, B. (2000). Bum Rap.   Reason 32 (7) Hall, D. (2000). Violence In Lyrics, Life An Issue For Radio. Billboard 112.27 Lena, J.C. (2006). Social Context and Musical Content of Rap Music, 1979-1995. Social Forces    85.1: 479-495 Peterson, D.L., & Pfost, K.S. (1989). Influence of rock videos on attitudes of violence against women. Psychological Reports   64, 319–322. Sanjek, D. (1999). Paying the Cost to Be the Boss. Popular Music & Society 23 (3), 25-29 Violent Music Lyrics Increase Aggressive Thoughts and Feelings. (2003). Journal for Quality & Participation 26 (2):46-47 Waite, B.M., Hillbrand, M., & Foster, H.G. (1992). Reduction of aggressive behavior after removal of Music Television. Hospital and Community Psychiatry 43, 173–175. Werde, B. (2004). Reggae Boycott. Rolling Stone, 961, November 11.   

George Washington-Founding Father Essay - 1170 Words

George Washington became President in 1789 and since then has been regarded as America’s â€Å"Founding Father†(10). This grand and hero-like status is said to have â€Å"began gravitating to Washington six months before the Declaration of Independence, when one Levi Allen addressed him in a letter as ‘our political Father.’†(10). The preservation of Washington’s role as a national hero has been allowed by authors and the media omitting his many flaws as if they had either been forgotten or were no longer important. Yet by excluding these human faults, they have projected an almost god-like hero and inflicted him upon the nation as their Father, somebody whose â€Å"life still has the power to inspire anyone†(10). When in reality, how can a†¦show more content†¦It is also suggested that Washington was a good man as at the beginning of â€Å"the early 1770s, he rarely bought a slave, and he would not sell one†. In addition to this, the author explains how the â€Å"slaves were to be freed at his wife’s death†. However I am sure that these excuses could not justify his behaviour to Black Americans today. Similarly, can George Washington really be considered a hero, or just an immense hypocrite who owned slaves whilst signed the Declaration of Independence, declaring, â€Å"all men were created equal† (11). Another way that was intended to preserve him as a hero is that he was a â€Å"disapproving owner† (12) and that he would have liked slavery to end but he didn’t personally feel politically driven to put an end to it. George Washington claimed in a letter to Robert Morris that â€Å"there is not a man living who wishes more sincerely than I do, to see a plan adopted for the abolition† of slavery (13). However if he felt so passionately against slavery, he could not have been that heroic or strong as a President as he did not even attempt to implement abolition. It seems that George Washington was fully aware that slavery was morally and humanely wrong, yet was to accustomed to the economic and social ‘benefits’ to want to change the situation. Ironically, the British who George Washington had claimed had been enslaving the American colonies underShow MoreRelatedGeorge Washington : The Founding Fathers901 Words   |  4 PagesGeorge Washington was the president whose ideals where the most coveted among the founding fathers. It is difficult to pinpoint a general idea of what the founding fathers wanted for the future of the United States. Some did not want banks just as Jackson did and some wanted to allow a central to making funding of the government much easier. In many ways leaders in Antebellum American were almost just as divided as the founding fathers but more visibly so. 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